The Sheepshead (Archosargus probatocephalus) is a chunky, silver fish with vertical black stripes and a mouth full of human-like teeth. Yes, really—it’s got molars that look like they belong in a dentist’s office. And these fish are known to be difficult to catch on a hook and line because their teeth are so big they have a hard time opening wide enough to “catch” bait. Instead, they use a sucking technique to get food into their mouth and subject to those mastodon size molars.
Fun Fact First:
Sheepshead have incisor-like teeth that let them crush shells and scrape barnacles off pilings. They’re one of the few fish that can eat hard-shelled prey like crabs and oysters with ease. They prefer inshore and nearshore environments, especially areas with abundant barnacle growth. Juveniles often inhabit seagrass beds and mud bottoms, while adults are more commonly found around pilings and rocky areas. During late winter and early spring, they migrate offshore to spawn, often near artificial reefs or navigation markers.
Where to Find Them
You’ll find Sheepshead in inshore waters, jetties, piers, and mangroves throughout South Florida. They’re especially common around structures like docks and bridge pilings.
They prefer brackish environments and are often seen in schools near the surface.
Habits and Behavior
Sheepshead are omnivorous grazers, spending their time picking at barnacles, crabs, and algae. They’re cautious and clever, often stealing bait from anglers without getting hooked.
They’re also known for their seasonal migrations, moving offshore to spawn in winter and returning inshore in spring.
What They Eat (and Who Eats Them)
They feed on crustaceans, mollusks, and algae, using their strong teeth to crush shells. Predators include sharks, dolphins, and humans—Sheepshead are popular among anglers for their tasty meat.
Why They’re Interesting
Their unique dentition and feeding habits make them a standout species. They’re also a great example of how fish adapt to urban environments, thriving around man-made structures.
Content created by Gen AI but edited by scuba divers for scuba divers. Image courtesy of Christopher Duncan, copyright 2025 CDA Underwater Photography, all rights reserved worldwide.